Iron Beneficiation - Revision history

Dietzler: /* Magnetic separation */

2012-04-30T23:38:40Z

Magnetic separation

Silverwurm: removed unsuitible liquids list, slight rewording

2011-08-16T02:17:29Z

removed unsuitible liquids list, slight rewording

Silverwurm: /* Magnetic separation */ added links

2011-08-14T00:37:43Z

Magnetic separation: added links

Silverwurm: /* Magnetic separation */ rearranged paragraph ordering for better flow, added note about cobalt extraction

2011-08-13T23:43:49Z

Magnetic separation: rearranged paragraph ordering for better flow, added note about cobalt extraction

Silverwurm: /* Magnetic separation */

2011-08-13T23:34:17Z

Magnetic separation

Silverwurm: fixed link

2011-08-13T23:25:51Z

fixed link

Silverwurm: Reworded a bit, added methods for nickel extraction.

2011-08-12T17:20:56Z

Reworded a bit, added methods for nickel extraction.

Strangelv: disambiguation

2008-11-01T14:54:04Z

disambiguation

Cfrjlr: Reverted edits by 82.111.20.202 (Talk); changed back to last version by Cfrjlr

2007-10-28T14:26:19Z

Reverted edits by 82.111.20.202 (Talk); changed back to last version by Cfrjlr

82.111.20.202 at 22:00, 26 October 2007

2007-10-26T22:00:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:38, 30 April 2012
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	Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the collected dust can be refined to 80% pure elemental [[nickel]]-[[iron]] with the remainder as various oxides of [[iron]]-[[titanium]]. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction \| hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process \| carbonyl extraction]] to separate the [[nickel]] and [[iron]] from any remaining substances. An extra step could be added to remove [[cobalt]], which would be present in significant quantities after the nickel and iron were removed.		Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the collected dust can be refined to 80% pure elemental [[nickel]]-[[iron]] with the remainder as various oxides of [[iron]]-[[titanium]]. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction \| hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process \| carbonyl extraction]] to separate the [[nickel]] and [[iron]] from any remaining substances. An extra step could be added to remove [[cobalt]], which would be present in significant quantities after the nickel and iron were removed.
		+
		+	A good discussion of magnetic and electrostatic beneficiation of iron particles can be found on pages 11 to 13 of this pdf: http://www.highfrontier.org/Archive/Jt/Koelle%20PILOT%20PRODUCTION%20at%20the%20MOONBASE%202015.pdf

	==liquid phase separation==		==liquid phase separation==

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 ==liquid phase separation==
 The density of iron is much higher than the rocky dust. Therefore, it is possible that the different particles could be separated by mixing lunar regolith into a suitable liquid, then allowing the rocky dust (mostly [[Basalt]] or similar) to float and the iron particles to sink.
 density of [[iron]] is 7.86 g/cm3
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 *[[Iodine pentafluoride]] Density and phase: 3.250 g cm−3 liquid, Melting point 9.43°C (282.58 K)
 *Molten [[Tin]] at 6.99  g·cm−3 (melting point 505.08 K (231.93 °C, 449.47 °F))
-*Molten salts perhaps
+*Various Molten Salts
 [[Category:Mining]]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 The power requirements of this mechanical separation are quite modest. A robotic unit not much bigger than a desk could conceivably roam the lunar surface extracting iron dust from the top 10 centimeters. At a concentration of 1/2% this would yield about a kilogram of iron per square meter or 1,000 tons per km2. This is a very high yield of usable material close to any lunar facility.
-Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the collected dust can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel and iron from any remaining substances. An extra step could be added to remove [[cobalt]], which would be present in significant quantities after the nickel and iron were removed.
+Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the collected dust can be refined to 80% pure elemental [[nickel]]-[[iron]] with the remainder as various oxides of [[iron]]-[[titanium]]. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the [[nickel]] and [[iron]] from any remaining substances. An extra step could be added to remove [[cobalt]], which would be present in significant quantities after the nickel and iron were removed.
 ==liquid phase separation==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 Iron particles are highly sensitive to a magnetic field, and can be extracted by passing lunar regolith over a rotating magnetic drum. Any particles containing iron would stick to the drum and are scraped off the other side, while the remainder fall through. Only about 2% of the [[lunar soil]] would adhere to the drum. A very similar process is currently utilized on earth for extracting iron ore from sand dunes.
-Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the result can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel and iron from any remaining impurities.
+The power requirements of this mechanical separation are quite modest. A robotic unit not much bigger than a desk could conceivably roam the lunar surface extracting iron dust from the top 10 centimeters. At a concentration of 1/2% this would yield about a kilogram of iron per square meter or 1,000 tons per km2. This is a very high yield of usable material close to any lunar facility.
-The power requirements of this mechanical separation are quite modest. A robotic unit not much bigger than a desk could conceivably roam the lunar surface extracting iron dust from the top 10 centimeters. At a concentration of 1/2% this would yield about a kilogram of iron per square meter or 1,000 tons per km2. This is a very high yield of usable material close to any lunar facility.
+Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the collected dust can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel and iron from any remaining substances. An extra step could be added to remove [[cobalt]], which would be present in significant quantities after the nickel and iron were removed.
 ==liquid phase separation==

@@ Line 7: / Line 7: @@
 Iron particles are highly sensitive to a magnetic field, and can be extracted by passing lunar regolith over a rotating magnetic drum. Any particles containing iron would stick to the drum and are scraped off the other side, while the remainder fall through. Only about 2% of the [[lunar soil]] would adhere to the drum. A very similar process is currently utilized on earth for extracting iron ore from sand dunes.
-Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the result can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel.
+Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the result can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Mond process | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel and iron from any remaining impurities.
 The power requirements of this mechanical separation are quite modest. A robotic unit not much bigger than a desk could conceivably roam the lunar surface extracting iron dust from the top 10 centimeters. At a concentration of 1/2% this would yield about a kilogram of iron per square meter or 1,000 tons per km2. This is a very high yield of usable material close to any lunar facility.
 ==liquid phase separation==

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 Beneficiation is the process of increasing the concentration of a valuable component of an ore.
-Native [[iron]] particles exist in [[lunar soil]] in fairly large quantities. They come from [[nickel-iron]] [[meteorites]], which pulverise themselves and the lunar rocks which they impacted. Hence the iron particles are tiny (fine grained) and well mixed into the fine dust of the lunar [[regolith]]. But they are chemically distinct, and in a pure metal state therefore very little chemical processing is needed to separate the metal particles from the rocky dust particles.
+Native [[iron]] particles exist in [[lunar soil]] in fairly large quantities. They come from [[nickel-iron]] [[meteorites]], which become pulverized upon impact. These iron particles are tiny (fine grained) and well mixed into the fine dust of the lunar [[regolith]]. As they are in a metallic state and strongly magnetic, very little processing is needed to separate these metal particles from the [[regolith]].
 ==Magnetic separation==
-Iron particles are highly sensitive to a magnetic field. There is a similar process on earth for extracting iron ore from sand dunes. The method involves passing the sand and dust over a magnetically charged rotating cylinder. The particles with some iron stick to the drum and are scraped off on the other side. 98% of the [[lunar soil]] would simply passes through and not interact with the cylinder.
+Iron particles are highly sensitive to a magnetic field, and can be extracted by passing lunar regolith over a rotating magnetic drum. Any particles containing iron would stick to the drum and are scraped off the other side, while the remainder fall through. Only about 2% of the [[lunar soil]] would adhere to the drum. A very similar process is currently utilized on earth for extracting iron ore from sand dunes.
-Using several passes you can refine the result to about 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. Melting this mixture with some [[Anorthite]] will cause separation the because the oxides are lighter and prefer to form a slag on top of the molten iron.
+Using several passes with magnets of varying strength, the result can be refined to 80% pure elemental nickel-iron with the remainder as various oxides of iron-titanium. This concentrate can then be subjected to [[Ilmenite Reduction#Hydrogen Reduction | hydrogen reduction]] to reduce the remaining iron oxides to metallic iron, and then [[Carbonyl Metals Plant | carbonyl extraction]] to separate the nickel and iron.
 The power requirements of this mechanical separation are quite modest. A robotic unit not much bigger than a desk could conceivably roam the lunar surface extracting iron dust from the top 10 centimeters. At a concentration of 1/2% this would yield about a kilogram of iron per square meter or 1,000 tons per km2. This is a very high yield of usable material close to any lunar facility.

@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 *[[Silver]] is much too heavy
 *[[Gold]] is much too heavy
-*[[Mercury]] is much too heavy
+*[[Mercury_(Element)|Mercury]] is much too heavy
 [[Category:Mining]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 Beneficiation is the process of increasing the concentration of a valuable component of an ore.
@@ Line 37: / Line 36: @@
 (Iron melts at 2800 deg F)
-*[[Iodine pentafluoride]] Density and phase: 3.250 g cmâ3 liquid, Melting point 9.43Â°C (282.58 K)
+*[[Iodine pentafluoride]] Density and phase: 3.250 g cm−3 liquid, Melting point 9.43°C (282.58 K)
-*Molten [[Tin]] at 6.99 âgÂ·cmâ3 (melting point 505.08âK (231.93âÂ°C, 449.47âÂ°F))
+*Molten [[Tin]] at 6.99  g·cm−3 (melting point 505.08 K (231.93 °C, 449.47 °F))
 *Molten salts perhaps
@@ Line 44: / Line 43: @@
 *Molten wax is too light.
-*Molten [[Lead]] is much too heavy at 10.66 âgÂ·cmâ3)
+*Molten [[Lead]] is much too heavy at 10.66  g·cm−3)
 *[[Silver]] is much too heavy
 *[[Gold]] is much too heavy