Pyroxene - Revision history

BenLH at 14:27, 10 August 2020

2020-08-10T14:27:09Z

BenLH at 14:13, 10 August 2020

2020-08-10T14:13:48Z

BenLH: /* """Other Lunar pyroxene facts:""" */

2020-08-10T14:13:07Z

"""Other Lunar pyroxene facts:"""

BenLH: /* Other Lunar pyroxene facts: */

2020-08-10T14:12:53Z

Other Lunar pyroxene facts:

BenLH: Put the article into the Lunar Science template. Added a few sentences to the Topic Abstract.

2020-08-10T14:12:10Z

Put the article into the Lunar Science template. Added a few sentences to the Topic Abstract.

BenLH: Added a Contributors section so people can get a little credit.

2018-12-18T18:51:13Z

Added a Contributors section so people can get a little credit.

Show changes

BenLH at 18:29, 18 December 2018

2018-12-18T18:29:28Z

BenLH: Added content

2018-12-18T18:26:08Z

Added content

Show changes

Miros1: Added Mineral category

2008-10-28T22:23:42Z

Added Mineral category

Strangelv: interwiki link formatting

2007-08-05T21:13:44Z

interwiki link formatting

@@ Line 150: / Line 150: @@
 =='''Resources (not used but potentially relevant)'''==
+*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyroxene Pyroxene - Wikipedia]
 [[Category:Chemistry]]
 [[Category:Selenology]]
 [[Category:Minerals]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== '''Topic Abstract''' ==
+=='''Topic Abstract'''==
 Pyroxene is a chemically complex group of silicate minerals with many variations. The generic formula for pyroxene is XY(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with X and Y representing many types of elements. Pyroxene rocks can contain a mix of any of 20 different subgroups.
 Pyroxene is the most abundant mineral found in Apollo 11, 12, 14, and 15 samples and the Luna-16 and -24 samples [1, pg 123]. However, it's present in significant quantities in the Apollo 16 and 17 samples and the Lunar-20 sample [1 pg123]. Any ISRU design will have to be able to deal with pyroxene. If we're smart, we'll figure out how to use it.
-== '''Core Data''' ==
+=='''Core Data'''==
-==='''Abundance and distribution'''===
+===Abundance and distribution===
 *Pyroxene is the most abundant dark mineral at the surface (1, pg 363)
@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 *The pyroxene/plagioclase ratio in mature soil increases with decreasing grain size. (6, pg 249)
-==='''Physical properties'''===
+===Physical properties===
 *Pyroxene is paramagnetic. This is because of the Fe<sup>2+</sup>.
-==='''Chemical composition'''===
+===Chemical composition===
 It is difficult to define pyroxene because there are so many variants. For example, pigeonite -(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Mg,Fe)Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> - is referenced in the Apollo 11 and Apollo 15 samples. But pigeonite covers a range of minerals including the two main pyroxene minerals, ferrosilite (FeSiO<sub>3</sub>) and enstatite (MgSiO<sub>3</sub>). The pyroxene we need for iron will have either Fe<sup>+2</sup>Fe<sup>+2</sup>(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> or Fe<sup>+2</sup>Y(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with Y being some other metal. It can get a bit confusing. The one constant is that all types of pyroxene contain silicon (Si).
@@ Line 133: / Line 133: @@
 *Sample 70215 (Apollo 17 high-Ti mare basalt) = 41-58%
-== '''Analysis/Conclusions''' ==
+=='''Analysis/Conclusions'''==
-== '''Contributors''' ==
+=='''Contributors'''==
 Ben Smith at [http://lunarhomestead.com/ Lunar Homestead]
@@ Line 148: / Line 148: @@
 #[https://www.lpi.usra.edu/lunar/samples/atlas/ LPI Lunar Sample Atlas] -
-== '''Resources (not used but potentially relevant)''' ==
+=='''Resources (not used but potentially relevant)'''==
+*

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 *All forms display a wide range of enstatite and ferrosilite, and accept large amounts of Al, Ti, Mn, Cr, and Na. (5, Chapter X,M)
-==="""Other Lunar pyroxene facts:"""===
+===Other Lunar pyroxene facts:===
 *Lunar pyroxenes show substantial subsolidus reduction (chemical changes to a rock while it’s hot but still solid)(1, pg 126). This can result in free iron (also called native iron) being formed in the rock.

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 *All forms display a wide range of enstatite and ferrosilite, and accept large amounts of Al, Ti, Mn, Cr, and Na. (5, Chapter X,M)
-===Other Lunar pyroxene facts:===
+==="""Other Lunar pyroxene facts:"""===
 *Lunar pyroxenes show substantial subsolidus reduction (chemical changes to a rock while it’s hot but still solid)(1, pg 126). This can result in free iron (also called native iron) being formed in the rock.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Pyroxene is a chemically complex group of silicate minerals with many variations. The generic formula for pyroxene is XY(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with X and Y representing many types of elements. Pyroxene rocks can contain a mix of any of 20 different subgroups. <BR />
+== '''Topic Abstract''' ==
-=='''Abundance and distribution'''==
+Pyroxene is the most abundant mineral found in Apollo 11, 12, 14, and 15 samples and the Luna-16 and -24 samples [1, pg 123]. However, it's present in significant quantities in the Apollo 16 and 17 samples and the Lunar-20 sample [1 pg123]. Any ISRU design will have to be able to deal with pyroxene. If we're smart, we'll figure out how to use it.
 *Pyroxene is the most abundant dark mineral at the surface (1, pg 363)
@@ Line 8: / Line 13: @@
 *The pyroxene/plagioclase ratio in mature soil increases with decreasing grain size. (6, pg 249)
-=='''Physical properties'''==
+==='''Physical properties'''===
 *Pyroxene is paramagnetic. This is because of the Fe<sup>2+</sup>.
-=='''Chemical composition'''==
+==='''Chemical composition'''===
 It is difficult to define pyroxene because there are so many variants. For example, pigeonite -(Ca,Mg,Fe)(Mg,Fe)Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> - is referenced in the Apollo 11 and Apollo 15 samples. But pigeonite covers a range of minerals including the two main pyroxene minerals, ferrosilite (FeSiO<sub>3</sub>) and enstatite (MgSiO<sub>3</sub>). The pyroxene we need for iron will have either Fe<sup>+2</sup>Fe<sup>+2</sup>(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> or Fe<sup>+2</sup>Y(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with Y being some other metal. It can get a bit confusing. The one constant is that all types of pyroxene contain silicon (Si).
 One thing to remember is that there are two types of chemical formulas, empirical and molecular. Actually, there are several other types but let’s keep it simple. Empirical formulas show the simplest positive integer ratio of atoms in the compound. This means that Fe<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> becomes FeSiO<sub>3</sub>. This means that there is one Fe and one Si atom for each O atom. The molecular formula specifies exactly how many atoms are in the molecule, but not its structure. Fe<sub>2</sub>Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> tells you that there is exactly 2 iron, 2 silicon, and 6 oxygen atoms making up that molecule. It can get confusing when the resource you are reading doesn’t specify which formula they are using.
-===Here’s how it breaks down (as far as I can figure out):===
+====Here’s how it breaks down (as far as I can figure out):====
 *Pyroxenes are usually represented by a mixing of the possible end members. (5, Chapter X,M)
@@ Line 45: / Line 50: @@
 *Spodumene
-=='''Data'''==
+=='''Expanded Data (all the data we can find)'''==
 Analysis of pyroxene mare basalts (selected samples)(1, pg 157-159)
@@ Line 128: / Line 133: @@
 *Sample 70215 (Apollo 17 high-Ti mare basalt) = 41-58%
-=='''Resources'''==
+== '''Analysis/Conclusions''' ==
 #[https://www.lpi.usra.edu/publications/books/lunar_sourcebook/ Lunar Sourcebook] -
@@ Line 138: / Line 148: @@
 #[https://www.lpi.usra.edu/lunar/samples/atlas/ LPI Lunar Sample Atlas] -
-== '''Contributors''' ==
+== '''Resources (not used but potentially relevant)''' ==
-Ben Smith at [http://lunarhomestead.com/ Lunar Homestead]
 [[Category:Chemistry]]
 [[Category:Selenology]]
 [[Category:Minerals]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:29, 18 December 2018
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−	~~{{selene Stub}}~~
	Pyroxene is a chemically complex group of silicate minerals with many variations. The generic formula for pyroxene is XY(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with X and Y representing many types of elements. Pyroxene rocks can contain a mix of any of 20 different subgroups. <BR />		Pyroxene is a chemically complex group of silicate minerals with many variations. The generic formula for pyroxene is XY(Si,Al)<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, with X and Y representing many types of elements. Pyroxene rocks can contain a mix of any of 20 different subgroups. <BR />

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:23, 28 October 2008
Line 17:		Line 17:
	[[Category:Chemistry]]		[[Category:Chemistry]]
	[[Category:Selenology]]		[[Category:Selenology]]
		+	[[Category:Minerals]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{selene Stub}}<BR/><BR/><BR/>
-Pyroxene is a [[exd:ferromagnesian|ferromagnesian]] or "[[exd:mafic|mafic]]" mineral which has a high crystallization temperature and is sometimes seen as crystals in [[volcanic glass]].
+Pyroxene is a {{exd|ferromagnesian|ferromagnesian}} or "{{exd|mafic|mafic}}" mineral which has a high crystallization temperature and is sometimes seen as crystals in [[volcanic glass]].
 <BR/><BR/>
-Pyroxenes silicates all contain Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> but some have [[Iron]] (FeSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Magnesium]] (MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Sodium]] (NaSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Calcium]] (CaSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) or a combination of the four elements. Other, more rare elements that can replace these include [[zinc]], [[manganese]] and [[lithium]]. Pyroxene minerals are common in meteorites and the [[exd:extrusive|extrusive]] igneous rock called [[basalt]].
+Pyroxenes silicates all contain Si<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub> but some have [[Iron]] (FeSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Magnesium]] (MgSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Sodium]] (NaSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>), [[Calcium]] (CaSi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>) or a combination of the four elements. Other, more rare elements that can replace these include [[zinc]], [[manganese]] and [[lithium]]. Pyroxene minerals are common in meteorites and the {{exd|extrusive|extrusive}} igneous rock called [[basalt]].
 <BR/><BR/>
 The various members of the pyroxene group include: