Difference between revisions of "Hydrogen"
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Synthetic Isotopes | Synthetic Isotopes | ||
*<sup>3</sup>H Tritium (single electron, single proton, two neutrons) | *<sup>3</sup>H Tritium (single electron, single proton, two neutrons) | ||
| − | **12.33 year half life. Undergoes Beta Decay to become [[Helium 3]]([[He3]]) | + | **12.33 year half life. Undergoes Beta Decay to become [[Helium 3]]([[He3]] or [[He3|<sup>3</sup>He]]) |
*<sup>4</sup>H | *<sup>4</sup>H | ||
| − | **Undergoes immediate Neutron Decay to become Tritium( | + | **Undergoes immediate Neutron Decay to become Tritium(<sup>3</sup>H) |
--------------------- | --------------------- | ||
'''Hydrogen''' is the simplest, lightest, and first element formed after the big bang. It is the most common element, making up approx 90% of the universe by weight. Hydrogen is one of the highly useful and necessary elements believed to be in critically short supply on Luna. Its most common nuclear permutation (isotope) is a single proton, although it can also exist with one (deuterium) or two (tritium) neutrons. On Earth, hydrogen is most commonly found combined with [[oxygen]] in the form of [[water]] (H<sub>2</sub>O). The Moon is much smaller than Earth, hence its gravity is not strong enough to retain liquid oceans nor gaseous amtosphere; most of the volatiles of the Moon, including hydrogen, have long since evaporated and escaped into space. | '''Hydrogen''' is the simplest, lightest, and first element formed after the big bang. It is the most common element, making up approx 90% of the universe by weight. Hydrogen is one of the highly useful and necessary elements believed to be in critically short supply on Luna. Its most common nuclear permutation (isotope) is a single proton, although it can also exist with one (deuterium) or two (tritium) neutrons. On Earth, hydrogen is most commonly found combined with [[oxygen]] in the form of [[water]] (H<sub>2</sub>O). The Moon is much smaller than Earth, hence its gravity is not strong enough to retain liquid oceans nor gaseous amtosphere; most of the volatiles of the Moon, including hydrogen, have long since evaporated and escaped into space. | ||
Revision as of 13:17, 31 December 2008
| Hydrogen | |
|---|---|
| H | |
| In situ availability: | trace |
| Necessity: | critical |
| Atomic number: | 1 |
| Atomic mass: | 1.00794 |
| group: | 1 |
| period: | 1 |
| normal phase: | Gas |
| series: | Non-metals |
| density: | 0.08988 g/L |
| melting point: | 14.175K -258.975°C -434°F |
| boiling point: | 20.418K -252.732°C -422.918°F |
| N/A ← N/A → N/A | |
| N/A ← H → He | |
| N/A ← Li → Be | |
| Atomic radius (pm): | 25 |
| Bohr radius (pm): | 53 |
| Covalent radius (pm): | 37 |
| Van der Waals radius (pm): | 120 |
| ionic radius (pm): | - |
| 1st ion potential (eV): | 13.60 |
| Electron Configuration | |
| 1s1 | |
| Electrons Per Shell | |
| 1 | |
| Electronegativity: | 2.2 |
| Electron Affinity: | |
| Oxidation states: | 1 |
| Magnetism: | |
| Crystal structure: | Hexagonal |
Hydrogen is a Non-metal in group 1.
It has a Hexagonal crystalline structure.
This element has two stable isotopes: 1 and 2.
Natural Isotopes
- 1H (single electron, single proton)
- 2H Deuterium (single electron, single proton, single neutron)
Synthetic Isotopes
- 3H Tritium (single electron, single proton, two neutrons)
- 4H
- Undergoes immediate Neutron Decay to become Tritium(3H)
Hydrogen is the simplest, lightest, and first element formed after the big bang. It is the most common element, making up approx 90% of the universe by weight. Hydrogen is one of the highly useful and necessary elements believed to be in critically short supply on Luna. Its most common nuclear permutation (isotope) is a single proton, although it can also exist with one (deuterium) or two (tritium) neutrons. On Earth, hydrogen is most commonly found combined with oxygen in the form of water (H2O). The Moon is much smaller than Earth, hence its gravity is not strong enough to retain liquid oceans nor gaseous amtosphere; most of the volatiles of the Moon, including hydrogen, have long since evaporated and escaped into space.
Common uses of hydrogen which may be applied on the Moon include: rocket fuel, hydrogen fuel cells, ilmenite reduction, reduction of metal ores and nitrogen fixation. Deuterium/tritium can be as fuel used in nuclear fusion.
Hydrogen has possibly been detected at the Lunar poles, but the amount available has been a topic of controversy.
External Links
Environmental Chemistry: Hydrogen
WebElements: Hydrogen
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