Difference between revisions of "Plutonium"
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'''Plutonium''' is a Actinide metal. | '''Plutonium''' is a Actinide metal. | ||
It has a Monoclinic crystalline structure. | It has a Monoclinic crystalline structure. | ||
| − | It does not have any isotopes considered to be natural. Its longest-lived known isotope has an atomic number of 244. | + | It does not have any isotopes considered to be natural. Its longest-lived known isotope has an atomic number of 244 with a half-life is 80 million years.<ref> CRC HANDBOOK of CHEMISTRY and PHYSICS 64TH EDITION (c)1983, page B-309 </ref> . |
| − | This element has no stable isotopes. | + | This element has no stable isotopes. Plutonium 239 can be blended with Uranium 238 to make a mixed oxide fuel for electrical power production.<ref> [http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf13.html ''Military Warheads as a Source of Nuclear Fuel'', World Nuclear Association] </ref> Mixed oxide fuel with 7% plutonium 239 and the balance mainly Uranium 238 is equivalent to uranium oxide fuel with about 4.5% uranium 235 enrichment.<ref> [http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf29.html ''Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel'', World Nuclear Association] </ref> |
<BR/><BR/> | <BR/><BR/> | ||
| − | + | == References == | |
| + | <references/> | ||
Latest revision as of 08:51, 30 May 2011
| Plutonium | |
|---|---|
| Pu | |
| In situ availability: | |
| Necessity: | |
| Atomic number: | 94 |
| Atomic mass: | [244] |
| group: | 19 |
| period: | N/A |
| normal phase: | Solid |
| series: | Actinide |
| density: | 19.816 g/cm3 |
| melting point: | 912.5K, 639.4°C, 1182.9°F |
| boiling point: | 3505K, 3228°C, 5842°F |
| Pm ← Sm → Eu | |
| Np ← Pu → Am | |
| N/A ← N/A → N/A | |
| Atomic radius (pm): | 175 |
| Bohr radius (pm): | |
| Covalent radius (pm): | |
| Van der Waals radius (pm): | |
| ionic radius (pm): | (+4) 86 |
| 1st ion potential (eV): | 6.06 |
| Electron Configuration | |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6 4d10 4f14 5s2 5p6 5d10 5f6 6s2 6p6 7s2 | |
| Electrons Per Shell | |
| 2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2 | |
| Electronegativity: | 1.3 |
| Electron Affinity: | - |
| Oxidation states: | 6, 5, 4, 3 |
| Magnetism: | ? |
| Crystal structure: | Monoclinic |
Plutonium is a Actinide metal.
It has a Monoclinic crystalline structure.
It does not have any isotopes considered to be natural. Its longest-lived known isotope has an atomic number of 244 with a half-life is 80 million years.[1] .
This element has no stable isotopes. Plutonium 239 can be blended with Uranium 238 to make a mixed oxide fuel for electrical power production.[2] Mixed oxide fuel with 7% plutonium 239 and the balance mainly Uranium 238 is equivalent to uranium oxide fuel with about 4.5% uranium 235 enrichment.[3]
References
- ↑ CRC HANDBOOK of CHEMISTRY and PHYSICS 64TH EDITION (c)1983, page B-309
- ↑ Military Warheads as a Source of Nuclear Fuel, World Nuclear Association
- ↑ Mixed Oxide (MOX) Fuel, World Nuclear Association
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