Iron
| Iron | |
|---|---|
| Fe | |
| In situ availability: | abundant |
| Necessity: | essential |
| Atomic number: | 26 |
| Atomic mass: | 55.845 |
| group: | 8 |
| period: | 4 |
| normal phase: | Solid |
| series: | Transition Metals |
| density: | 7.86 g/cm3 |
| melting point: | 1811K, 1538°C, 2800°F |
| boiling point: | 3134K, 2861°C, 5182°F |
| N/A ← N/A → N/A | |
| Mn ← Fe → Co | |
| Tc ← Ru → Rh | |
| Atomic radius (pm): | 140 |
| Bohr radius (pm): | 156 |
| Covalent radius (pm): | 125 |
| Van der Waals radius (pm): | |
| ionic radius (pm): | (+3) 55 |
| 1st ion potential (eV): | 7.90 |
| Electron Configuration | |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 4s2 | |
| Electrons Per Shell | |
| 2, 8, 14, 2 | |
| Electronegativity: | 1.83 |
| Electron Affinity: | 0.15 |
| Oxidation states: | 2, 3 |
| Magnetism: | Ferromagnetic |
| Crystal structure: | Body centered cubic |
Iron is a Transition Metal in group 8.
It has a Body centered cubic crystalline structure.
This element has 4 stable isotopes: 54, 56, 57, and 58.
Lunar Iron Production
Lunar iron is present both in metallic form and as oxides. Metallic iron is found virtually everywhere on the moon, alloyed with nickel in tiny particles dispersed in the regolith, the remnants of pulverized nickel-iron meteorites. Iron oxides are found predominately on the maria, where they can make up nearly 15% of the regolith by weight.
Metalic iron is strongly attracted to magnetic fields, and can be easily separated from the lunar regolith. Ilmenite(FeTiO3), the oxide mineral most commonly proposed for both iron and titanium production, can also be separated by magnetic means. Ilmenite's attraction to magnetic fields is much weaker than that of metallic iron, enabling separation of the two after gathering.
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