Calcium

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Calcium
Ca
In situ availability: abundant
Necessity: essential
Atomic number: 20
Atomic mass: 40.078
group: 2
period: 4
normal phase: Solid
series: Alkaline earth metals
density: 1.55 g/cm3
melting point: 1115K,
842°C,
1548°F
boiling point: 1757K,
1484°C,
2703°F
NaMgN/A
K ← Ca → Sc
RbSrY
Atomic radius (pm): 180
Bohr radius (pm): 194
Covalent radius (pm): 174
Van der Waals radius (pm):
ionic radius (pm): (+2) 100
1st ion potential (eV): 6.11
Electron Configuration
1s2
2s2 2p6
3s2 3p6
4s2
Electrons Per Shell
2, 8, 8, 2
Electronegativity: 1
Electron Affinity: 0.04
Oxidation states: 2
Magnetism: Paramagnetic
Crystal structure: Face centered cubic

Calcium is a Alkaline earth metal in group 2. It has a Face centered cubic crystalline structure. This element has 7 stable isotopes: 40, , 42, 43, 44, 46, and 48. Its resistivity is 3.91 E-6 ohm cm [1]


Lunar Production and Use

Calcium makes up a significant percentage of the lunar crust, and is expected to be a major byproduct of lunar aluminum production. By mass, calcium is a better electrical conductor than both copper and aluminum, and could find uses in electrical wiring. However, as it is highly reactive with oxygen, any use in this manner would be limited to the lunar vacuum or areas containing an inert atmosphere.




Reference