Lunar Regolith

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Relative Concentration Of Various Elements On The Lunar Surface

Relative Concentration (in weight ppm) of Various Elements on Lunar Highlands, Lunar Lowlands, and Earth

The layer of debris which blankets most of the moon is commonly referred to as regolith^exd. Billions of years of bombardment from space have created a highly comminuted (this means it has been broken into ever smaller grains and particles) surface through a process sometimes referred to as "impact gardening" or "space weathering." It is estimated that the regolith varies in thickness from 3 to 5 meters over the younger "maria" to approximately 10 to 20 meters thick in the older "highlands." Below the impact regolith is a layer of "mega-regolith" consisting of highly fractured bedrock that is tens of kilometers thick.

The portion of the regolith of a size less than 1cm is generally referred to as Lunar Soil, which is a misnomer in terrestrial geologic terms. The term "lunar soil" should not be confused with terrestrial use of the word soil, and no implication of organic content is intended. When pertaining to lunar science, the terms are used interchangeably. The dusty, abrasive portion is referred to as Lunar Dust or "Fines."

Lunar regolith is the focus of many proposed methods of oxygen production and in-situ resource utilization including: