Difference between revisions of "Calcium"
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Revision as of 11:17, 2 September 2011
| Calcium | |
|---|---|
| Ca | |
| In situ availability: | abundant |
| Necessity: | essential |
| Atomic number: | 20 |
| Atomic mass: | 40.078 |
| group: | 2 |
| period: | 4 |
| normal phase: | Solid |
| series: | Alkaline earth metals |
| density: | 1.55 g/cm3 |
| melting point: | 1115K, 842°C, 1548°F |
| boiling point: | 1757K, 1484°C, 2703°F |
| Na ← Mg → N/A | |
| K ← Ca → Sc | |
| Rb ← Sr → Y | |
| Atomic radius (pm): | 180 |
| Bohr radius (pm): | 194 |
| Covalent radius (pm): | 174 |
| Van der Waals radius (pm): | |
| ionic radius (pm): | (+2) 100 |
| 1st ion potential (eV): | 6.11 |
| Electron Configuration | |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 | |
| Electrons Per Shell | |
| 2, 8, 8, 2 | |
| Electronegativity: | 1 |
| Electron Affinity: | 0.04 |
| Oxidation states: | 2 |
| Magnetism: | Paramagnetic |
| Crystal structure: | Face centered cubic |
Calcium is a Alkaline earth metal in group 2. It has a Face centered cubic crystalline structure. This element has 7 stable isotopes: 40, , 42, 43, 44, 46, and 48. Its resistivity is 3.91 E-6 ohm cm [1]
Lunar Production and Use
Calcium makes up a significant percentage of the lunar crust, and is expected to be a major byproduct of lunar aluminum production. By mass, calcium is a better electrical conductor than both copper and aluminum, and could find uses in electrical wiring. However, as it is highly reactive with oxygen, any use in this manner would be limited to the lunar vacuum or areas containing an inert atmosphere.
Reference
