Chromium
| Chromium | |
|---|---|
| Cr | |
| In situ availability: | |
| Necessity: | |
| Atomic number: | 24 |
| Atomic mass: | 51.9961 |
| group: | 6 |
| period: | 4 |
| normal phase: | Solid |
| series: | Transition Metals |
| density: | 7.15 g/cm3 |
| melting point: | 2180K, 1907°C, 3465°F |
| boiling point: | 2944K, 2671°C, 4840°F |
| N/A ← N/A → N/A | |
| V ← Cr → Mn | |
| Nb ← Mo → Tc | |
| Atomic radius (pm): | 140 |
| Bohr radius (pm): | 166 |
| Covalent radius (pm): | 127 |
| Van der Waals radius (pm): | |
| ionic radius (pm): | (+3) 62 |
| 1st ion potential (eV): | 6.77 |
| Electron Configuration | |
| 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 | |
| Electrons Per Shell | |
| 2, 8, 13, 1 | |
| Electronegativity: | 1.66 |
| Electron Affinity: | 0.67 |
| Oxidation states: | 6, 3, 2 |
| Magnetism: | Antiferromagnetic w/Spin Density Wave |
| Crystal structure: | Body centered cubic |
Chromium is a Transition Metal in group 6.
It has a Body centered cubic crystalline structure.
This element has 4 stable isotopes: 50, 52, 53, and 54.
"Chromium use in iron, steel, and nonferrous alloys enhances hardenability and resistance to corrosion and oxidation. The use of chromium to produce stainless steel and nonferrous alloys are two of its more important applications. Other applications are in alloy steel, plating of metals, pigments, leather processing, catalysts, surface treatments, and refractories." - USGS Chromium Statistics and Information[1]
The most important and abundant ore of chromium is chromite.
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